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Background Note: Indonesia
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Duel Si
Nekat dengan Modal Kuat
Ramadhian Fadillah - detikNews
6 November 2011
Jakarta - Bergerak dan terus bergerak. Itulah perintah Aburizal Bakrie
pada pengurus dan kader Partai Golkar. Ketua Umum Partai Golkar itu juga tidak akan tinggal diam setelah memberi
perintah. Ia pun akan bergerak dengan seabrek agenda. Tujuannya jelas, memuluskan langkah menuju RI-1.
Ical telah diminta menjadi capres Golkar dalam Rapimnas Golkar, akhir Oktober 2011 lalu. DPD Golkar dari 33 Provinsi
secara bulat mendaulat Ical untuk maju sebagai capres.
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Dalam peringatan HUT ke-47, Golkar pun tanpa malu-malu mengumumkan mantan Menko Kesra itu sebagai capresnya.
Spanduk besar bertuliskan 'Ical For RI-1' terpampang dalam HUT Golkar, di Gelora Bung Karno, 29 Oktober 2011 lalu.
Maka malam itu pula, di depan Presiden SBY dan Wapres
Boediono, perwakilan negara sahabat serta sejumlah tokoh nasional, Ical mengungkap siap jadi capres dengan
bermetafora.
"Berkompetisi dalam kebaikan. Tahun lalu, langit biru dan padi sudah mulai menguning. Tahun ini saya laporkan,
padi terus menguning semakin matang dan akan menjadi beras pada tahun 2014," ujar Ical dengan percaya diri.
Analogi Ical membuat SBY yang juga ketua umum Partai Demokrat tertawa kecil. Melihat SBY tertawa, Ical ikut tersenyum
senang.
Malam itu tentu menjadi malam yang menyenangkan bagi Ical dan Golkar. Jalan menuju kursi RI-1 tampak begitu mulus.
Ical telah mengantongi laporan dinobatkan sebagai capres paling populer oleh Reform Institute.
Dalam survei Reform Institute itu, pengusaha kelas kakap ini mendapatkan 13,58 % suara. Ia mengungguli capres lainnya,
seperti Prabowo Subianto (8,46 %), Jusuf Kalla (7,06 %), Hidayat Nurwahid
(5,17 %) dan Ani Yudhoyono (4,13 %).
Mengapa Ical ‘mendadak’ populer? Menurut Reform Insitute, hal itu tidak terlepas dari banyaknya poster dan spanduk
Ical serta program-program Golkar yang terpampang di mana-mana. Iklan Ical dan Golkar itu cukup mendongkrak elektabilitas
Ical.
"Kami menemukan fakta yang menarik. Dari survei yang kami lakukan, ternyata pemilih Ical adalah pedagang kecil,
dan masyarakat bawah,” ujar Direktur Pengembangan Reform Institute Abdul Hamid.
Para wong cilik itu terpesona pada Ical sebab rata-rata menginginkan perubahan ke arah yang lebih baik. Mereka
merasa Ical bisa mewujudkan impian itu.
Partai Golkar pun menyambut baik survei yang mengunggulkan ketua umum mereka. Menurut Wasekjen Partai Golkar Leo
Nababan, kepopuleran Ical terlihat dari dukungan 33 DPD Golkar yang akan mengusung Ical maju capres tanpa perlu
konvensi. Padahal konvensi sudah menjadi tradisi Partai Golkar sejak era Akbar Tandjung.
"Semua DPD sudah mendukung Pak Ical maju sebagai capres. Untuk apa lagi konvensi? “ beber Leo.
Leo tidak setuju dengan konvensi sebab dua capres Golkar hasil konvensi, Wiranto dan Jusuf Kalla, justru kalah
dalam Pilpres.
Untuk memuluskan langkah Ical, Golkar menetapkan tahun 2012 sebagai tahun kekaryaan. Ical akan terus berkeliling
Indonesia sepanjang 2012. Targetnya, suara Golkar naik dan tentunya elektabilitas Ical ikut terkerek.
Ical memang tidak asal-asalan memburu RI-1. Ia memiliki sejumlah modal. Ia menggenggam dukungan parpol sebagai
kendaraan politik. Lalu kuat secara financial, menurut majalah Forbes memiliki harta US$ 2,5 miliar. Juga punya
media massa baik online dan TV.
Dengan modal internal yang kuat, wajar Ical mantap melaju memburu RI-1. Terlebih pesaing berat Ical pun tidak banyak."Ical
wajar merasa pede. SBY sudah tidak mungkin maju lagi," ujar pengamat politik Charta Politica Arya Fernandes.
Meski demikian, bukan berarti Ical bisa bebas melenggang menuju kursi RI-1. Partai Gerindra telah menabuh genderang
perang untuk berebut kursi tertinggi itu. Letjen (Purn) Prabowo Subianto diusung sebagai capres. Modal Prabowo
pun bukan kertas kosong.
Sama dengan Ical, Prabowo juga diunggulkan sebagai capres terpopuler. Bila Ical terpopuler versi Reform Institute,
maka Prabowo versi Soegeng Sarjadi Syndicate (SSS). Dalam survei ini, Prabowo unggul dengan angka 28 %, jauh meninggalkan
Ical yang hanya meraih posisi empat. Posisi kedua ditempati Mahfud MD (10,6 %). Lalu disusul Sri Mulyani Indrawati
(7,4 %). Baru Ical (6,8 %), KH Said Agil Siradj (6 %) dan Din Syamsuddin (5,2 %).
SSS menyimpulkan Prabowo muncul sebagai capres terpopuler karena latar belakang militer dan figurnya yang dinilai
tegas di tengah kekecewaan pada pemimpin sipil. "Gejala seperti ini boleh jadi dipicu oleh lemahnya kaderisasi
dan rekrutmen kepemimpinan di kalangan politisi sipil," ujar peneliti SSS Ari Nurcahyo.
Gerindra tidak terkejut dengan survei SSS. Parpol ini makin yakin sosok Prabowo memang diminati masyarakat untuk
menjadi presiden. Gerindra telah melakukan survei internal dan hasilnya Prabowo memang selalu nomor satu. "Saya
kira survei SSS ini bisa diakui legalitasnya," ujar Wakil Ketua Umum Partai Gerindra Fadli Zon.
Sama dengan Golkar yang terus bergerak. Gerindra pun terus bebenah sejak kekalahan Prabowo 2009 lalu. Konsolidasi
internal terus dilakukan. Motor partai hingga ke tingkat pengurus ranting coba digerakan.
Seperti Pemilu sebelumnya, Gerindra tetap akan mengusung jargon ekonomi kerakyatan. Prabowo kembali menjanjikan
perubahan ekonomi kerakyatan dan kesejahteraan bagi petani, rakyat kecil dan pedagang pasar. Selain wong cilik,
Gerindra juga menyasar kalangan terdidik yang rindu pemimpin yang tegas.
Soal dana, Prabowo sama sekali tak kekurangan. Tahun 2009 dia adalah capres terkaya dengan kekayaan Rp 1,57 triliun
dan US$ 7,5 juta. Dukungan dana dari perusahaan miliknya maupun back up penuh dari sang adik, Hashim Djojohadikusumo,
membuat mantan jenderal ini juga punya modal besar untuk menyaingi Ical."Prabowo akan jadi lawan tangguh untuk
Ical," jelas Arya Fernandes.
Persaingan Ical dan Prabowo diprediksi akan makin memanas pada 2014. Sama-sama punya basis massa, punya dana dan
merupakan orang yang cukup senior dalam kancah perpolitikan nasional. Sementara capres populer sebelumnya seperti
SBY dan Mega tidak akan maju lagi.
Namun bukan berarti keduanya akan diterima dengan mudah. Sosok Prabowo dan Ical sama-sama punya cacat masa lalu.
Prabowo selalu dikait-kaitkan dengan isu penculikan dan pelanggaran HAM, sementara Ical dikaitkan dengan tragedi
lumpur Lapindo yang membuat ribuan orang kehilangan tempat tinggal. Namun keduanya tetap nekat bertarung dalam
Pilpres 2014. Siapa pemenangnya?
Tulisan detik+ selanjutnya: 'Jenderal 08 Tak Kapok Dipecundangi', 'Di Atas Kertas Ical Kuat, Faktanya?' dan 'Sulitnya
Mencari Pasangan untuk Menang' serta laporan khusus 'Seram, Jakarta Segera Tenggelam' bisa anda dapatkan di detiKios
for Ipad yang tersedia di apple store.
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10/31/2011
The
2104 presidential election
will likely see a duel between general-turned-businessman Prabowo Subianto
and Golkar Party chairman and business tycoon Aburizal “Ical” Bakrie,
according to political observers.
A
survey by the Reform Institute pegged Aburizal as the early favorite with 13.58 percent,
followed by Prabowo Subianto with 8.46 percent, Jusuf Kalla with 7.06 percent,
Hidayat Nurwahid with 5.17 percent and First Lady Ani Yudhoyono with 4.13 percent.
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Surveys Name Three Presidential Candidates
"Megawati, Prabowo, and Aburizal are the three strongest candidates"
27 Oktober 2011
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27 Oktober 2011
"Megawati, Prabowo, and Aburizal
are the three strongest candidates,"
said Widdi Aswindi, JSI Executive Director.
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VIVAnews - Three research institutes have released surveys on the electability of party and presidential candidates.
All three revealed a number of figures who are considered the most popular to participate in the 2014 general elections.
Reform Institute, which conducted the survey between September 12 to 24, 2011, found that if Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
and Megawati Sukarnoputri are excluded, General Chairman of Golkar Party Aburizal Bakrie
tops the list with 13.58 percent of votes. Prabowo Subianto follows with 8.46 percent, Jusuf Kalla 7.06 percent,
Hidayat Nurwahid 5.17 percent, and Ani Yudhoyono 4.13 percent.
Soegeng Sarjadi Syndicate (SSS) which held the surveys on October 3-8, 2011, stated, if Yudhoyono and Megawati
are not involved, Prabowo would garner most of the votes, by 28 percent of the respondents.
Coming next are Mahfud MD with 10.6 percent, Sri Mulyani Indrawati 7.4 percent, Aburizal Bakrie 6.8 percent, KH
Said Aqil Siradj 6 percent, Din Syamsuddin 5.2 percent, Pramono Edhie Wibowo 4.2 percent, Jusuf Kalla 4.0 percent
and a dozen other names pocketing below 4 percent.
SSS also conducted a special survey on vice presidential candidates. Mahfud MD is the figure for whom respondents
would vote, amounting to 15.6 percent. After him are Sri Mulyani with 8 percent, Pramono Edhie Wibowo 7.1 percent,
Din Syamsuddin 6.8 percent, Said Aqil Siradj and Djoko Suyanto each 3.9 percent, and Puan Maharani 3 percent.
A different name list was resulted by Indonesia Vote Network (JSI), which surveyed on October 10 to 15, 2011. Being
included in this survey, Megawati was selected as a presidential candidate with the
highest support, which is 19.6 percent. Other presidential candidates whom the general public prefer after Megawati
are, successively, Prabowo Subianto (10.8 percent), Aburizal Bakrie (8.9 percent), Wiranto (7.3 percent), Sri Sultan
Hamengkubuwono X (6.5 percent) , Hidayat Nur Wahid (3.8 percent), Surya Paloh (2.3 percent), Sri Mulyani (2 percent),
Ani Yudhoyono (1.6 percent), Hatta Rajasa (1.6 percent), Anas Urbaningrum (1, 5 percent), Sutanto (0.2 percent),
and Djoko Suyanto (0.2 percent).
"Megawati, Prabowo, and Aburizal are the three strongest candidates," said Widdi Aswindi, JSI Executive
Director.
• VIVAnews
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Prabowo
ranked highest as presidential candidate
Wed, October 26 2011 21:03
Jakarta (ANTARA News) - Prabowo Subianto, chairman of the Advisory Board of the
Great Indonesia Movement Party (Gerindra), is ranked the highest as a presidential candidate, according to survey
results released here on Wednesday.
The results of the survey by the Soegeng Sarjadi Syndicate from October 3-8, 2011
in 33 provinces in the country involving 1,318 respondents showed 28 percent of respondents chose Prabowo as presidential
candidate while 10.6 percent chose Constitutional Court chairman Mahfud MD.
Other candidates included former economic minister Sri Mulyani (7.4 percent), Golkar
Party chairman Aburizal Bakrie
(6.8 percent), Nahdlatul Ulama Islamic organization chief Said Akil Siradj (6.0 percent),
Muhammadiyah Islamic leader
Din Syamsuddin (5.2 percent), army chief of staff General Pramono Edhie Wibowo (4.2
percent), former vice president
Jusuf Kalla (4.0 percent), chief security minister Djoko Suyanto
(3.2 percent), chief economic minister Hatta Rajasa
(2.8 percent) and businessman Surya Paloh (2.5 percent).
Soegeng Saryadi Syndicate executive director Toto Sugiarto said most respondents had chosen a military figure to
be
the country`s next president because they missed a strict leader and therefore 65 percent had chosen Prabwowo.
"33.8 percent of respondents still believe a military figure is fit to be elected president in 2014,"
he said.
Second in the ranking was an academic collecting 17.2 votes, followed by religious figure (12.1 percent), businessman
(9.7 percent) and political party figure (8.9 percent).
The results of the survey done based on a stratified random sampling indicated that the military-civilian dichotomy
has not yet completely vanished.
The choice of a military figure correlates with public desire for the government to focus on corruption eradication.
A total of 40.5 percent of respondents urged the government to immediately settle the corruption and bribery problems.
Other problems needing urgent settlements were poverty according to 29.8 percent of respondents, unemployment (16
percent), mafia operations in all sectors (10.4 percent) and sovereignty (3.1 percent).
About a vice president, most respondents choose an honest and smart person. The two qualities were represented
in Constitutional Court figure Mahfud MD who won 15.6 percent of votes.
Following him were Sri Mulyani Indrawati (8.0 percent), Pramono Edhie Wibowo (7.1 percent), Din Syamsuddin (6.8
percent), KH Said Aqil Siradj (6.3 percent), Djoko Suyanto (3.9 percent) and Puan Maharani, the daughter of former
president Megawati Soekarnoputri (3.0 percent).
Earlier, the Reform Institute issued survey results showing Aburizal Bakrie to be the most popular figure as a
candidate for the 2014 presidential elections. He obtained 13.58 percent votes of 2,010 respondents involved in
the survey.
In the survey Prabowo Subianto was ranked second with 8.46 percent of the votes.
Editor: Priyambodo RH
COPYRIGHT © 2011
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Golkar
announces Bakrie as candidate for 2014 presidential elections
The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Mon, 09/12/2011 4:27 PM
Aburizal Bakrie
The Golkar Party has come up with a consensus during the national consolidation meeting in Denpasar, Bali, to
support party chairman Aburizal Bakrie in his run for the 2014 presidential elections.
"The [consolidation] meeting was initially scheduled to run for two days from Sunday to Monday but it was
shortened since the Golkar executive board unanimously agreed to support Aburizal Bakrie as the party's presidential
candidate for 2014," said Ketut Sudikerta, chairman of Golkar's Bali chapter, on Monday as quoted by Antara
news wire.
Ketut said that Bakrie was the right man to represent the people.
"Pak Ical is the right figure to lead Indonesia in the future. We are optimistic lending our support to him,"
Sudikerta said, "Ical" refers to Aburizal's nickname.
According to Ketut, the Bali consensus will be officially formulated at the party's national leaders meeting, which
will be
held as soon as possible.
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Ical tones
down presidential bid talk
Bagus BT Saragih, The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Thu, 10/27/2011 6:48 AM
Despite signs of internal support, businessman and Golkar Party chairman Aburizal “Ical” Bakrie is playing down
plans to run for president in 2014.
Ical, dubbed one of the strongest potential contenders in 2014, has been called Golkar’s most appropriate candidate
by party officials at the regional level.
“People have aspirations … that’s normal. This is democracy,” Ical said on the sidelines of Golkar’s national executive
board meeting in North Jakarta on Wednesday.
Ical said he would not rush into running for president, wanting to focus on improving the popularity of Golkar’s
legislative candidates during the run-up to the election.
“In the last legislative election we received 14.45 percent [of the vote]. Recent surveys show our popularity is
at 18 percent. I believe we can reach 20 percent, or even 30 or 35 percent, in the 2014 election – more than the
PDI-P [Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle] received in the 1999 election,” Ical said in his speech at the
meeting.
“Our study of the aspirations of Golkar at the grassroots level nationwide is still not enough.”
Ical said Golkar’s would name its presidential candidate in 2012.
Observers expected the meeting to be a forum for the party to formally back Ical as its candidate in 2014.
The agenda of the meeting, which ends on Friday, includes a discussion of the upcoming election.
The meeting on Wednesday was attended by more than 700 Golkar members from across the nation, who crowded the meeting
room while shouting “Go Golkar!”
Delegates applauded during the opening address of meeting chairman Sharif Cicip Sutarjo after he dubbed Ical as
“the most recognizable figure to be the next president.”
A Golkar member from South Kalimantan who declined to be named said that party officials down to the regency level
in the province agreed to support Ical should he be named the party’s candidate.
“We have no other option,” another Golkar member from Papua said.
Analysts have called Ical’s reluctance to openly or quickly accept support for a presidential bid part of a wait-and-see
strategy to gauge the response of other major political groups.
Several surveys have named Ical one of the most popular potential candidates in 2014.
However, observers have said Ical’s bid could face serious threats from other potential hopefuls, such as former
Army Strategic Reserves Command chief Lt. Gen. (ret.) Prabowo Subianto, the founder of the Great Indonesia Movement
Party (Gerindra); and former Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati.
Some surveys, however, have placed Ical behind PDI-P chairwoman and former president Megawati Soekarnoputri, the
daughter of the nation’s first president.
Observers said that the ongoing mud flow disaster in Sidoarjo, East Java, which has been linked to an operational
failure by energy companies belonging to the Bakrie family, might be a liability that competitors could exploit
during the race.
Others said that the Democratic Party’s best option to replace Yudhoyono, who cannot run for relection due to term
limits, would be to nominate reform icon Sri Mulyani as its presidential candidate.
Yudhoyono’s latest Cabinet reshuffle, which included the firing of Fadel Muhammad as Maritime Affairs and Fishery
Minister, was seen by some as an effort to please Ical.
Fadel, a top Golkar executive, had close ties to Golkar chief patron Akbar Tandjung, who frequently opposed
Ical’s policies within the party.
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Possible Candidates
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Sri Mulyani Indrawati, Managing Director of
World Bank Group, former Minister of Finance[5]
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Anas Urbaningrum, chairman of Democratic Party[6]
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Prabowo Subianto, former Army Strategic and Reserve
(KOSTRAD) commander and 2009 vice presidential candidate [7]
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Aburizal Bakrie, chairman of Golkar Party [8]
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Hatta Rajasa, Coordinating Minister for Economy [9]
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Mahfud MD, Chairman of Indonesian Constitutional Court
[10]
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Wiranto, former Indonesian Armed Forces commander and 2004
presidential candidate, 2009 vice presidential candidate[11]
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Megawati Soekarnoputri, former president [12]
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Jusuf Kalla, former Vice President [13]
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Sutiyoso, former Governor of Jakarta [14]
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Pramono Edhie Wibowo, Army Chief of Staff [15]
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Presidential
Candidates 2014
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FOREIGN DIPLOMATS TRYING TO INFLUENCE 2014 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS
Interview with Lt.General (Ret) Sayidiman Suryohadiprodjo
Jakarta, 28 July 2011
Foreign diplomats have contacted PPDA, the Association of Retired Army Officers, to seek
support for the candidacy of
Sri Mulyani as President.
Sri Mulyani, World Bank Managing Director a in Washington DC, was Finance Minister in
the current SBY government
prior to her Worlbank appointment.
Lt General (Ret) Sayidiman told Indonesia Digest Editor in an intervew that when he heard
the news, he immediately sought confirmation from PPAD.
Lt General (Ret) Kiki Sjahnakri (PPAD Head Research Department) confirmed to him that
a US embassy official had contacted him on the subject, whilst an Australian envoy had talked to a number of PPAD
members.
I consider this intervention in Indonesian affairs, he said.
He explained that in his opinion the US does not want to lose control on Indonesia for various reasons.
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LetJen TNI (Purn) Sayidiman Suryohadiprojo ,
mantan Gubernur Lemhannnas (1974),
terakhir Penasehat Presiden Habibie urusan ketahanan nasional
Jakarta 31 July 2011
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Jakarta, 31 July 2011
News widely circulated in the country that foreign diplomats had approached the PPAD (Persatuan Purnawirawan Angkatan
Darat - Association of Retired Army Officers) in an attempt to seek their support for the candidacy of
Sri Mulyani as President in the upcoming 2014
presidential elections.
Sri Mulyani, World Bank Managing Director in Washington DC, was Finance Minister in the
current SBY government
prior to her Worlbank appointment.
Lt General (Ret.) Sayidiman Suryohadiprodjo told Indonesia
Digest Editor that when he heard the news, he immediately sought confirmation from PPAD.
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"Lt General (Ret) Kiki Sjahnakri confirmed to me that a US embassy official had contacted
him on the subject, whilst an Australian envoy had talked to a number of PPAD members."
I consider this intervention in Indonesian affairs", Mr Saydiman said.
As regards the reason for the intervention he stated: "The US does not want to lose control over Indonesia.".
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Analysis:
The US and Australia supporting Sri Mulyani for President.
What is behind this attempt to promote the candidacy if Sri Mulyani with the support of the US and Australia?
They certainly must have been aware of the fact that their invasive attempts would immediately receive wide publicity.
Politics is politics and the question arises: Is this not an attempt to hide their real support for a
different candidate?
It is widely understood that the US would like a military figure as the future president. It has been mentioned
that they support General Prabowo for the position.
It would be typical to cover up their real intentions and launch the Sri Mulyani candidacy as a test balloon to
measure
the political response.
In reply to the question why foreign governments, especially the US government, would meddle in the presidential
election process, Mr Sayidiman referred to the relevant analysis outlined in his book "Rakyat
Sejahtera, Negara Kuat".
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Mr Sayidiman , citing his views as outlined in his book :
"Rakyat Sejahtera, Negara Kuat".
stated that this political scenario should be seen in the context of the US ambition in Asia
where China has
appeared as a global power threatening their hegemony.
The US does not want to lose Indonesia.
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"The US does not want to lose Indonesia and will do all they can to maintain control over our country."
This should be seen in the context of the US ambitions in Asia where China has appeared as a global power threatening
US interests. The rise of China as an economic power represent very strong international dynamics.
The development of China, particularly their industry, triggers the requirement for a tremendous need for energy
supplies. China has already approached the different suppliers of the world.
It is in the interest of the US to maintain control over Southeast Asia as part of their ambition to preserve
world hegemony.
At this time it is their main priority to keep close relations with countries with a Moslem majority and keep
their orientation directed to the US. This will only be possible if the government leadership of those countries
is in the hands of US oriented persons, are US allies.
In the current global constellation where China's political and economic power is threatening the US position,
Indonesia with its strategic geographical location is considered of great importance.
The three main factors impacting the US strategy towards China are:
1. "Freedom of movement", free control over the use of strategic
waters
2. "Energy resouces", considering the escalating requirements of China's industry
3. The precair Food resources situation in the face of growing "Scarcity of Food" prospects as a result
of the rapid world population growth.
Why would they support Sri Mulyani?
Considering her background experience in the IMF and Worldbank they hope to be able to play a role in control of
Indonesia's economic and political development.
However, Mr Saydiman expressed his doubts on whether Sri Mulyani can win the necessary support from the Indonesian
people. This factor has undoubtedly been taking into account by the foreign governments. The US and Australia most
certainly must have expected that their approach towards the PPAD could not remain secret and would not be welcomed
in Indonesian political circles.
This gives rise to the question: "Was this just a "camoufllage attempt",
a strategy to "cover-up" their real intents, their real support for a future president meeting their
requirements for a friendly and capable ally"
This is a real probability that should not be neglected,
Mr Saydiman stated in reply to the question.
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Foreign involvement in CETRO
Mr. Sayidiman mentioned another matter troubling him, i.e. the happenings around CETRO
(Centre for Electoral Reform)
CETRO was formed on 3 September 1999 for legislative reform of the electoral system promoting honest and fair elections,
and consitutional reform. It is sponsored by the National Democratic Institute, an institution which has close
ties to the Democratic Party of the USA.
Why should there be foreign participation in the discussions on electoral and constitutional reforms? he asked.
This is a domestic matter that does not require any foreign aid, assistance involvement or interference.
Reformation allows amendmends to the 1945 Constituion, which then will no longer be the 1945 Constitution.
The big question is : Why should foreign institutions fund
and atttend those electoral reform and constitutional amendmend meetings?
Until 3 September 2009 approx. Rp 45 billion has been spent with financial assistance
from UNDP, US AID, NDI and the British Embassy. What is their role in the Indonesian
electorate system reform??
2014 Presidential Election.
As ex soldiers and members of the Army, we retirees affiliated to the PPAD, continue to follow the developments
and share the desire to improve the nation's condition. I still support President SB Yudhoyono and hope that he
will succeed
in his efforts, he is our elected President. But I am afraid that between now and 2014 the threat exists of a decline
in and gradually worsening of the nation's conditions.
PPAD members actively continue to evaluate prospective candidates to be entrusted the task of improving national
conditions, focusing on the fact that development of a strong nation is based on the prosperity of their people.
Pancasila should truly be the basic principle of the country.
The future President has to have the leadership potential to guide the country towards more orderly conditions,
with
proper attention for the welfare of the people, the ability to correct existing negative conditions hampering development
to prevent a collapse of our development efforts.
In view of the vastness of our country the President cannot carry out these duties alone but has to be supported
by a
team of capable co-workers and assistants.
Has PPAD already selected their 2014 Presidential candidate?
Not yet, still under evaluation, Mr Sayidiman stated,
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Lt General (Ret.) Sayidiman Suryohadiprojo
31 July 2011
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Diplomat Amerika dan Australia mencari dukungan PPAD untuk Sri Muljani sebagai Presiden.
31 Juli 2011
Menjelang pemilihan Presiden 2014 wakil negara asing telah mendekati PPAD (Persatuan Purnawirawan Angkatan Darat)
untuk mendukung pencalonan Sri Mulyani Indrawati presiden pada pemilu tahun 2014.
Ketua Persatuan Purnawirawan TNI AD (PPAD) Letjen Purn Soeryadi menyatakan bahwa perwakilan negara asing itu mendekati
sejumlah purnawirawan TNI AD melalui diskusi tentang kondisi politik nasional. Mereka diberitakan mencari dukungan
Sri Mulyani sebagai capres pada Pemilu 2014. Namun, purnawirawan TNI AD tidak menyikapi secara kelembagaan.
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Dalam wawancara dengan dengan LetJen TNI (Purn) Sayidiman Suryohadiprojo , mantan Gubernur Lemhannnas (1974), terakhir
Penasehat Presiden Habibie urusan ketahanan nasional, beliau membenarkan berita ini. " Karena ingin mengetahui
kebenaran tidaknya saya langsung menghubungi Letnan Jenderal TNI (Purn), Kiki Sjahnakri, (Ketua Badan Pengkajian
PPAD) yang mengkonfirmasikan kebenaran berita ini. Rupa2nya diplomat Amerika Serikat menghubungi LetJen Kiki Sjahnakri
sementara diplomat Australia menghubungi sejumlah anggauta senior PPAD .
"Ini merupakan suatu intervensi", demikian ujar Bapak Sajidiman.
Pertanyaan mengapa fihak asing, terutama Amerika Serikat, ingin turut campur dalam proses pemilihan presiden dijawab
dengan menunjuk ke analysis dalam buku yang ditulis olehnya tahun 2007 "Rakyat Sejahtera Negara Kuat".
Perkembangan ini harus dilihat dalam rangka ambisi AS di Asia dan munculnya China sebagai suatu kekuatan global
yang mengancam kepentingan mereka. Perkembangan China sebagai kekuatan ekonomi merupakan sumber dynamika internasional
yang kuat sekali. Perkembangan ekonomi China, khususnya industri, mengakibatkan keperluan energi yang tinggi. Untuk
itu sudah tampak usaha China mendekati pemasok minyak di seluruh dunia.
Amerika sangat berkepentingan memperoleh kontrol atas Asia Tenggara bagi perebutan hegemoni dunia. Kepentingan
AS sekarang adalah agar negara-negara berpenduduk mayoritas Islam sebanyak mungkin berorientasi kepada AS. Itu
hanya mungkin kalau pemerintah negara-negara itu dipegang orang-orang yang berkiblat pada AS. AS selalu berusaha
mempengaruhi perkembangan politik untuk menjadikan Indonesia berkiblat atau sekurang-kurangnya sangat dekat pada
dirinya.
Dalam konstellasi global saat ini dimana kekuatan politik dan ekonomi China tak dapat disingkirkan, Indonesia dengan
posisi geografi yang strategis di anggap sangat penting.
Tiga faktor utama yang mempengaruhi strategi AS adalah pengamanan kepentingan mereka menghadapi China sbb: :
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1
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"Freedom of movement", pemakaian bebas perairan strategis
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2.
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Sumber energi (energy resources) mengingat kebutuhan industri China yang menanjak.
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3
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Sumber pangan (food resources) makin "precair", menghadapi prospek "Scarcity of food" dengan
pesatnya pertumbuhan penduduk
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Mengapa AS mencari dukungan untuk Sri Mulyani? Dengan latar belakang pekerjaan di IMF dan Worldbankdi Amerika Serikat
niscaya mereka mengharapkan dapat berperan dalam mengontrol pembangunan Indonesia.
Tetapi LetJen Sayidiman meragukan apakah Sri Mulyani akan berhasil mendapat dukungan cukup dari masyarakat Indonesia.
Hal ini pasti juga sudah diperhitungkan oleh fihak asing. Amerika dan Australia niscaya faham bahwa pendekatan
mereka ke fihak PPAD tidak dapat dirahasiakandan tidak akan disambut baik dikalangan dunia politik Indonesia, di
anggap sebagai intervensi dalam politik dalam negeri.
Timbul pertanyaan apakah usaha pendekatan fihak America dan Australia ini hanya merupakan suatu strategi "camouflage"
atau "cover-up" untuk menutup kegiatan lain, yakni secara diam2 mendukung seorang calon lain yang memenuhi
kriteria kepentingan mereka seperti disebut diatas. Kemungkinan ini pasti ada, ujar Bapak Sayidiman atas pertanyaan.
CETRO
Bapak Sayidiman juga melihat peran Cetro yang disponsori oleh NDI (National Democratic Institute) satu lembaga
yang erat dengan Partai Demokrat di AS, dalam perkembangan politik ini. Cetro (Center for electoral reform ) yang
didirikan 9 september 1999 maksudnya mengolah reformasi sistem pemilihan dan UUD 1945.
Harus dipertanyakan mengapa fihak asing menghadiri pembahasan2 electoral reform yang bersangkutan dan membiayai
usaha ini.
Hinggga 3 September 2000 biaya yang dikeluarkan mencapai kl. Rp4.5 milliard dengan bantuan
biaya dari UNDP, US Aid, NDI (faction Madelein Allbright) dan British Embassy, demikian dikatakan Bapak Sayidiman.
Mengapa fihak luar negeri berpartisipasi dalam pembahasan amandemen UUD 1945 dan reformasi sistem pemilihan? Bukankah
ini merupakan urusan dalam negeri yang tidak memerlukan bantuan/turut campur fihak asing? Reformasi memungkinkan
UUD 45 di amandemen sehingga bukan UUD 1945 lagi.
Sebagai bekas pejoang dan anggauta Angkatan Darat para Purnawiran yang tergabung dalam PPAD tetap mengikuti perkembangan
dan ingin perbaikan kondisi negara kita. Saya tetap mendukung Presiden SBY dan harap dia berhasil, beliau adalah
Presiden terpilih. Tetapi saya khawatir bahwa antara sekarang dan 2014 ada bahaya kondisi negara akan mundur (decline),
makin tidak teratur.
Purnawiran AD turut memikirkan calon yang baik untuk menghadapi perbaikan kondisi negara dengan mengingat bahwa
jika rakyat sejahtera, negara akan kuat. Hendaknya Pancasila betul2 dijadikan sebagai dasar negara.
Calon Presiden 2014 harus ada potensi kepemimpinan, sanggup membawa Indonesia kearah yang lebih teratur, mempedulikan
kesejahteraan rakyat, memperbaiki kekurangan yang masih menghambat, jangan sampai usaha pembangunan mengalami kegagalan,
Karena Indonesia suatu negara besar tugas Presiden tidak dapat dijalankan sendiri tetapi harus didukung oleh team
kawan-kawan yang kapabel.
Apakah PPAD sudah memilih calon Presiden 2014?
"Belum, masih dalam pembahasan", kata Bapak Sayidiman.
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Prabowo ranked
highest as presidential candidate
Wed, October 26 2011
Jakarta (ANTARA News) - Prabowo Subianto, chairman of the Advisory Board of the Great Indonesia Movement Party
(Gerindra), is ranked the highest as a presidential candidate, according to survey results released here on Wednesday.
The results of the survey by the Soegeng Sarjadi Syndicate from October 3-8, 2011 in 33 provinces in the country
involving 1,318 respondents showed 28 percent of respondents chose Prabowo as presidential candidate while 10.6
percent chose Constitutional Court chairman Mahfud MD.
Other candidates included former economic minister Sri Mulyani (7.4 percent), Golkar Party chairman Aburizal Bakrie
(6.8 percent), Nahdlatul Ulama Islamic organization chief Said Akil Siradj (6.0 percent), Muhammadiyah Islamic
leader Din Syamsuddin (5.2 percent), army chief of staff General Pramono Edhie Wibowo (4.2 percent), former vice
president Jusuf Kalla (4.0 percent), chief security minister Djoko Suyanto (3.2 percent), chief economic minister
Hatta Rajasa (2.8 percent) and businessman Surya Paloh (2.5 percent).
Soegeng Saryadi Syndicate executive director Toto Sugiarto said most respondents had chosen a military figure to
be the country`s next president because they missed a strict leader and therefore 65 percent had chosen Prabwowo.
"33.8 percent of respondents still believe a military figure is fit to be elected president in 2014,"
he said.
Second in the ranking was an academic collecting 17.2 votes, followed by religious figure (12.1 percent), businessman
(9.7 percent) and political party figure (8.9 percent).
The results of the survey done based on a stratified random sampling indicated that the military-civilian dichotomy
has not yet completely vanished.
The choice of a military figure correlates with public desire for the government to focus on corruption eradication.
A total of 40.5 percent of respondents urged the government to immediately settle the corruption and bribery problems.
Other problems needing urgent settlements were poverty according to 29.8 percent of respondents, unemployment (16
percent), mafia operations in all sectors (10.4 percent) and sovereignty (3.1 percent).
About a vice president, most respondents choose an honest and smart person. The two qualities were represented
in Constitutional Court figure Mahfud MD who won 15.6 percent of votes.
Following him were Sri Mulyani Indrawati (8.0 percent), Pramono Edhie Wibowo (7.1 percent), Din Syamsuddin (6.8
percent), KH Said Aqil Siradj (6.3 percent), Djoko Suyanto (3.9 percent) and Puan Maharani, the daughter of former
president Megawati Soekarnoputri (3.0 percent).
Earlier, the Reform Institute issued survey results showing Aburizal Bakrie to be the most popular figure as a
candidate for the 2014 presidential elections. He obtained 13.58 percent votes of 2,010 respondents involved in
the survey.
In the survey Prabowo Subianto was ranked second with 8.46 percent of the votes.
Editor: Priyambodo RH
COPYRIGHT © 2011
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Prabowo
dan Mahfud Capres Terfavorit
Penulis : Donny Andhika AM
Rabu, 26 Oktober 2011 13:09 WIB
JAKARTA--MICOM: Popularitas Ketua Dewan Pembina Partai Gerindra Prabowo Subianto dan Ketua Mahkamah Kontitusi Mahfud
MD paling banyak mendapat dukungan publik sebagai calon Presiden 2014.
Paling tidak hal tersebut tergambar dalam hasil survei Soegeng Sarjadi Syndicate (SSS) yang dirilis di Jakarta,
Rabu (26/10).
Sebanyak 28% masyarakat memilih Prabowo sebagai calon Presiden mendatang. Sedangkan Mahfud mendapatkan angka 10,6%.
Survei itu dilakukan pada periode 3-8 Oktober 2011 dengan menggunakan metode stratified random sampling terhadap
1.318 orang responden di 33 provinsi di Indonesia.
Selain Prabowo dan Mahfud, beberapa calon lainnya yang dipilih masyarakat, yakni Sri Mulyani (7,4%), Aburizal Bakrie
(6,8%), Said Akil Siradj (6%), Din Syamsuddin (5,2%), Pramono Edhie Wibowo (4,2 %), Jusuf Kalla (4,0%), Djoko Suyanto
(3,2%), Hatta Rajasa (2,8 %), dan Surya Paloh (2,5%).
Peneliti SSS, Ari Nurcahyo mengatakan alasan responden memilih Prabowo sebagai capres adalah karena beberapa faktor.
Ia memaparkan sebanyak 66,5% masyarakat memilih Prabowo karena ketegasannya, dan 19,9% memandang Prabowo memiliki
kewibawaan yang cukup sebagai calon Presiden.
Sementara itu, Mahfud dipilih karena kejujurannya sebesar 37%, kepandaian 22,8%, dan ketegasan 21,7%.
"Jadi, dari data tersebut tampak masyarakat sekarang ini cenderung rindu akan ketegasan. Boleh jadi ini merupakan
bandul yang bergerak diametral karena publik menilai karakter kepemimpinan Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono yang
peragu," ujar Ari.
Menurut pengamat politik J Kristiadi, kombinasi kedua nama tersebut akan menciptakan keseimbangan yang baik.
"Sosok tegas itu akan dibutuhkan untuk membawa bangsa ini ke arah mana. Dan dengan nama Mahfud MD di bawahnya,
itu akan menjadikan keseimbangan yang cukup baik bagi karakter pemimpin yang tegas dari militer," kata Kristiadi.
(*/OL-12)
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With no SBY or Mega, Prabowo to face Ical
Tifa Asrianti, The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Mon, 10/31/2011 1
The 2104 presidential election will likely see a duel between general-turned-businessman Prabowo Subianto and Golkar
Party chairman and business tycoon Aburizal “Ical” Bakrie, according to political observers.
During its leadership meeting last week, Golkar, pegged to come out on top in the 2014 legislative elections, has
nominated Aburizal as its presidential candidate for the upcoming election, while Prabowo has long since expressed
his ambitions to join the race after failing in 2009.
A series of recent surveys and expert analyses have confirmed that without incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
and former president Megawati Soekarnoputri, chairwoman of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P)
in the race, the presidency would likely come down to Aburizal and Prabowo.
Under the Constitution, Yudho-yono can’t run for a third presidential term, while Megawati is facing mounting pressure
within and outside her party to pick a younger candidate to represent the party in 2014.
Of three recent surveys about the presidential candidates by three different poll bodies, one put Aburizal in the
strongest position, while two others placed Prabowo as the likely winner if both Yudhoyono and Megawati did not
run.
A survey by the Reform Institute pegged Aburizal as the early favorite with 13.58 percent, followed by Prabowo
Subianto with 8.46 percent, Jusuf Kalla with 7.06 percent, Hidayat Nurwahid with 5.17 percent and First Lady Ani
Yudhoyono with 4.13 percent.
A poll by Soegeng Sarjadi Syndicate said that without Yudhoyono and Megawati in the running, Prabowo would be the
top vote-getter with 28 percent, followed by Mahfud M.D. with 10.6 percent, Sri Mulyani Indrawati with 7.4 percent
and Aburizal Bakrie with 6.8 percent.
An Indonesian Voice Network (JSI) survey conducted from Oct. 10–15 included Megawati, who was most favored by 19.6
percent of respondents. She was followed by Prabowo with 10.8 percent, Aburizal with 8.9 percent and Wiranto with
7.3 percent.
However, experts have agreed that although Aburizal has the Golkar political machine and strong financial resources
behind him, he faces a number of stumbling blocks.
A University of Indonesia political analyst said the three polls showed that voters still wanted a president from
Java, while many still preferred soldiers over entrepreneurs.
“Aburizal needs to conduct a thorough analysis of whether the people will vote for the party or for him specifically,
because in 2004, the Golkar Party won the legislative election but lost the presidential election,” he said.
Political observer Andrinof Chaniago said Aburizal had a small chance at winning, saying the more likely candidates
to watch were familiar faces such as Megawati, Prabowo and Wiranto.
“People need to believe that the candidate can deliver their hopes. After that, there are other factors such as
[ethnic background] and religious background,” he said.
Andrinof added that even if the Golkar Party teamed up with the Democratic Party for support, Aburizal would still
face difficulties breaking into the top five, because the candidate’s character would still play important role
in the election.
Some have speculated that the President may order his Democratic Party to team up with Golkar, allowing First Lady
Ani to be Aburizal’s vice president.
Another political analyst, Yunarto Wijaya, said Aburizal had his flaws to address, including the Lapindo mud case
and tax mafia allegations.
“People already know Prabowo from the 2009 election, and his party has a pro-poor policy similar to the PDI-P.
If Mega does not join the election, the votes for her might go to Prabowo. Even if Mega’s daughter, Puan Maharani,
runs,
she has yet to attract voters like her mother,” he said.
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Surveys Name
Three Presidential Candidates
"Megawati, Prabowo, and Aburizal are the three strongest candidates"
Megawati Soekarnoputri and Prabowo Subianto
(Antara/ Widodo S Jusuf)
27 October 2011,
VIVAnews - Three research institutes have released surveys on the electability of party and presidential candidates.
All three revealed a number of figures who are considered the most popular to participate in the 2014 general elections.
Reform Institute, which conducted the survey between September 12 to 24, 2011, found that if Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
and Megawati Sukarnoputri are excluded, General Chairman of Golkar Party Aburizal Bakrie tops the list with 13.58
percent of votes. Prabowo Subianto follows with 8.46 percent, Jusuf Kalla 7.06 percent, Hidayat Nurwahid 5.17 percent,
and Ani Yudhoyono 4.13 percent.
Soegeng Sarjadi Syndicate (SSS) which held the surveys on October 3-8, 2011, stated, if Yudhoyono and Megawati
are not involved, Prabowo would garner most of the votes, by 28 percent of the respondents. Coming next are Mahfud
MD with 10.6 percent, Sri Mulyani Indrawati 7.4 percent, Aburizal Bakrie 6.8 percent, KH Said Aqil Siradj 6 percent,
Din Syamsuddin 5.2 percent, Pramono Edhie Wibowo 4.2 percent, Jusuf Kalla 4.0 percent and a dozen other names pocketing
below 4 percent.
SSS also conducted a special survey on vice presidential candidates. Mahfud MD is the figure for whom respondents
would vote, amounting to 15.6 percent. After him are Sri Mulyani with 8 percent, Pramono Edhie Wibowo 7.1 percent,
Din Syamsuddin 6.8 percent, Said Aqil Siradj and Djoko Suyanto each 3.9 percent, and Puan Maharani 3 percent.
A different name list was resulted by Indonesia Vote Network (JSI), which surveyed on October 10 to 15, 2011. Being
included in this survey, Megawati was selected as a presidential candidate with the highest support, which is 19.6
percent. Other presidential candidates whom the general public prefer after Megawati are, successively, Prabowo
Subianto (10.8 percent), Aburizal Bakrie (8.9 percent), Wiranto (7.3 percent), Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X (6.5
percent) , Hidayat Nur Wahid (3.8 percent), Surya Paloh (2.3 percent), Sri Mulyani (2 percent), Ani Yudhoyono (1.6
percent), Hatta Rajasa (1.6 percent), Anas Urbaningrum (1, 5 percent), Sutanto (0.2 percent), and Djoko Suyanto
(0.2 percent).
"Megawati, Prabowo, and Aburizal are the three strongest candidates," said Widdi Aswindi, JSI Executive
Director.
• VIVAnews
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Indonesian presidential election,
2014
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The next Indonesian presidential election will be held in 2014. It will be Indonesia's third direct presidential
election, and will elect a president for a five year term. Incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is constitutionally
barred from seeking third term in the election.
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Possible Candidates
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Sri Mulyani Indrawati, Managing Director of
World Bank Group, former Minister of Finance[5]
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Anas Urbaningrum, chairman of Democratic Party[6]
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Prabowo Subianto, former Army Strategic and Reserve
(KOSTRAD) commander and 2009 vice presidential candidate [7]
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Aburizal Bakrie, chairman of Golkar Party [8]
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Hatta Rajasa, Coordinating Minister for Economy [9]
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Mahfud MD, Chairman of Indonesian Constitutional Court
[10]
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*
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Wiranto, former Indonesian Armed Forces commander and 2004
presidential candidate, 2009 vice presidential candidate[11]
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*
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Megawati Soekarnoputri, former president [12]
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Jusuf Kalla, former Vice President [13]
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*
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Sutiyoso, former Governor of Jakarta [14]
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*
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Pramono Edhie Wibowo, Army Chief of Staff [15]
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Former finance minister’s possible candidacy
could set the stage for an epic political battle
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Sri Mulyani is one of the potential candidates to replace Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.
Indonesian former Finance Minister and currently as a Managing Director of World Bank is one of the potential candidates
to be Indonesian next President to replace Indonesian currently President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in the next
Indonesian Presidential ballot election in 2014.
Scramble hot seat topnotch people still four years away. But who replaces SBY decent figure as head of government
plus the Head of State would appear early on.
Starting from the presence www.srimulyani.net site, Sri Mulyani be one figure who championed the stock will enter
the presidential candidate of 2014. Managing Director at the World Bank is called will compete fortune that had
won public sympathy because of slack
Century bank scandal allegations.
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Director of Civil Circle for Indonesia (LIMA), Ahmad Fauzi - usually called Ray Rangkuti - call, Sri Mulyani opportunity
to run for presidency in 2014 somewhat large. "She's that pitted, she's bigger opportunities," said Ray
Rangkuti at the Parliament building, Jakarta, Friday (10/01/2010).
Sri Mulyani for Indonesia's
President?
Thursday, August 4, 2011
Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, facing trouble from corruption allegations in his Democrat Party,
faces difficulty on another flank with the announcement Wednesday that a new political party has been registered
in the name of Sri Mulyani Indrawati, his former finance minister, for the 2014 Presidential campaign.
If, as expected, she does run, her candidacy would set up a crystal-clear contrast with what appears to be endemic
corruption among leaders of the Democrats, which has embarrassed Yudhoyono and driven down his popularity ratings
over the past three months. It would set up an even bigger confrontation – and contrast – with Aburizal Bakrie,
one of Indonesia’s richest tycoons and a man who has made no secret of his ambition to run for the presidency himself.
Before her departure from the government in May 2010, Sri Mulyani was considered representative of a new Indonesia
that sought to break away from decades of corruption and governmental patrimony. Her reforms have been given widespread
credit for Indonesia’s economic turnaround. Bakrie, by contrast, heads Golkar, the political party set up by the
late strongman Suharto and which has been regarded mostly as a vehicle to allow top members to avail themselves
of government patronage.
Sri Mulyani left Yudhoyono’s cabinet after an epic series of confrontations in which she refused to bail out Bakrie’s
coal interests with government funds after the Indonesian stock market collapsed at the onset of the global financial
crisis. She also insisted on investigating Bakrie’s interests on tax fraud charges involving tens of millions of
dollars, and refused to agree that a huge gas well blowout caused by a Bakrie subsidiary was a natural disaster.
The mud flow from the blowout has inundated 12 villages of East Java and driven 40,000 people from their homes.
After her departure for the World Bank, where she was named as one of three governors, overseeing the bank’s
activities in 74 countries in Latin America, the Asia Pacific, Middle East and North Africa, all of the cases against
Bakrie were shelved. In an interview with the Wall Street Journal, she blamed the tycoon for her departure from
the government.
The new party, to be named as the Independent People’s Union – conveniently known by its Indonesian-language initials
SRI, was officially registered with the Justice and Human Rights Ministry on Wednesday. Damianus Taufan, the new
party’s chairman, told reporters the party officials have not approached Sri Mulyani to see if she wants the job.
However, rumors have been circulating for months in Jakarta that the former finance minister, who will be 49 on
Aug. 26, would like to return to take on the country’s vast corruption and particularly Bakrie.
Despite her personal popularity, a handful of reformers in Jakarta is going to need an awful lot of help to get
the word to places where traditionally campaigning consists of handing out money in return for votes. But it takes
considerable party machinery throughout a sprawling nation that famously covers nearly 13,500 islands and is comprised
of 33 provinces, ranging from relatively cosmopolitan Jakarta to places – admittedly not too many anymore -- where
people still wear penis gourds.
Taufan, however, told reporters he is optimistic about the party’s registration, saying it already has 2,000 members
and the required representation in all 33 provinces. But the odds that Sri Mulyani will top the presidential polls
in 2014 are probably long unless she can forge a coalition with other parties.
Although they haven’t specifically asked her to head the party, Taufan told reporters, “she knows about our activities
and the establishment of the party,” he said. “Hopefully, when she finishes her contract with the World Bank, she
will join us.”
Several public figures attended the registration event, including Arbi Sanit, a political analyst from the University
of Indonesia; Fikri Jufri, a veteran journalist; Todung Mulya Lubis, a prominent human rights lawyer; and Rocky
Gerung, a University of Indonesia philosophy lecturer, all of whom have been tied to reform efforts.
That stands in sharp difference to Yudhoyono’s Democrat Party, which stands in serious danger of being wrecked
by allegations of corruption and infighting. Political analysts in Jakarta have called the current scandal the
worst of the president’s political career. The party’s fugitive former treasurer is outside the country, continuing
to level increasingly credible and detailed charges of corruption over the construction of an athlete’s village
facilities for the Southeast Asian Games, to be hosted by Indonesia in the South Sumatra province of Palembang
in November.
Although there have been calls by party leaders to get the fugitive, Mohammad Nazaruddin, to come home, there is
widespread suspicion in Jakarta that they would prefer that he keep going. His sudden departure in May, a day before
he was due to be banned from travel for allegedly accepting US$3 million in bribes over the construction, raised
questions whether he was being helped out of the country by party officials.
Despite efforts to shut him up, Nazaruddin has delivered continuing allegations that seemingly grow more explicit
with each new revelation, particularly that the party chairman, Anas Urbangingrum, and others were implicated in
the bribery scandal, and that the party chairman had engaged in vote-buying. Other party officials have been named
in the scandal as well.
Yudhoyono was elected as a reformer in his first term in office, a reputation that burnished considerably by Sri
Mulyani’s efforts to clean up the government. That reputation has been tarnished time and again, partly because
of the Bakrie episode with Sri Mulyani and now with the athletes’; village scandal, which is being shown repeatedly
on the country’s television stations – including interviews with Nazaruddin, who appears relatively easy to find
by reporters, but not by the National Police.
An opinion poll by the Indonesia Survey Circle showed the president’s approval rating, reported as high as 90 percent
when he was reelected, had fallen from 56.7 percent at the end of 2010 to 47.2 percent in June.
Thus the SRI party, on its face, should stand in vivid contrast to the established parties. Sri Mulyani’s performance
as finance minister and her reputation for incorruptibility should be a major selling point. She was given credit
for driving up foreign direct investment from US$4.6 billion to US$8.9 billion in a single year. She set out to
clean out the notoriously corrupt tax and customs department – not always with success, given the Bakrie interests’
achievement in thwarting her efforts. Asia Sentinel
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15 New Parties Register For
2014
Fifteen new political parties registered for the 2014 general elections ahead of the deadline on Monday night,
an official said.
Ronna Nirmala | 12:37 AM August 23, 2011
Fifteen new political parties registered for the 2014 general elections ahead of the deadline on Monday night,
an official said.
Sucipto, a spokesman for the Justice and Human Rights Ministry, said the registration closed on Monday at 11:59
p.m.
The Pancasila Democracy Party was the last to register at about 9 p.m. One party that had already registered with
the ministry, the Indonesian Nation Sovereignty Party, withdrew its name on Monday without explanation.
Also on Monday, representatives of the Independent People’s Union Party (SRI) submitted some paperwork to complete
the registration process it started on Aug. 3. SRI has earned a lot of media coverage for a party its size because
of its stated intention to nominate Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the former finance minister and World Bank managing
director, as its presidential candidate for 2014.
Achmad Gelora, a ministry official, said the National Republic Party (Nasrep), founded by Hutomo “Tommy” Mandala
Putra Suharto, the youngest son of the late President Suharto, also registered for the elections.
Other parties of note to register were the National Democratic Party, linked to Golkar executive Surya Paloh, and
the United National Party (PPN), founded by the heads of 12 political parties that failed to win seats in the House
of Representatives in the 2009 elections.
The Insulinde National Prosperity Party (Partai Kemakmuran Bangsa Nusantara or PKBN), founded by Yenny Wahid, the
daughter of the late former President Abdurrahman “Gus Dur” Wahid, appears to be the new name for the faction of
the National Awakening Party (PKB) that she has headed for some time.
Yenny said the PKBN had not officially decided on a presidential candidate. She added, however, that “if most of
my supporters agree, then Mahfud will be the PKBN’s sole candidate for the presidency.” She was referring to Constitutional
Court chairman Muhammad Mahfud.
Other new parties include the Satria Piningit Party (Chosen Knight Party), the Republican Works Party (PAKAR),
the Republican Struggle Party, the Independent Party, the One Republic Party, the Indonesian People’s Force Party,
the Thoriqot Islam Party and the
Awakening Great Indonesia Party. The 74 existing registered parties did not need to reregister, but will be subject
to verification, Sucipto said.
Achmad said verification would start this week and continue until Sept. 22. The names of the parties that passed
the verification would be announced about three weeks after that, he said.
Meanwhile, Apung Widadi, a researcher at Indonesia Corruption Watch, said none of the nine parties at the House
had submitted their financial statement for an audit by the BPK, the state audit agency.
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Indonesia Driven by Politics
of the Past
Contributed by James Van Zorge
Friday, 19 June 2009
The candidates for president all echo the Suharto era
When I think about how to describe the current crop of Indonesian presidential hopefuls, I have a vision of the
past. All
three contenders for president in the polls to be held July 8 are, in their own way, creatures of Indonesia's past.
Just a
decade into the reform period, the major political figures in this country all came into prominence during the
Suharto era.
Vice President Jusuf Kalla is a classic Suharto-esque businessman; Megawati Sukarnoputri is a woman longing for
a
return to the glory days of her father and the incumbent, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, a general under
Suharto, is a transitional liberal willing to break with the past but uncertain how to do so decisively.
Golkar standard-bearer and Vice President Jusuf Kalla belongs to a class of businessmen who seem to view politics
as a
branch of the family business. Under Suharto, there was nothing wrong with growing one's business while supposedly
serving the public. In this rarefied Manichaean world, monopolies can be a good thing and competition from outside
the
club is treated with contempt. This is a conservative world where the tenets of democracy might be tolerated but
it is
hardly a place of liberal values and policies.
For businessmen who thrived under the Suharto regime, growing an empire was predicated upon the grace of the
president and his family. Rent-seeking, not competition and open markets, was the magical key for building wealth.
In the
United States during the 19th century these kind of figures were called robber barons for good reason.
It is small wonder that Kalla and his cohorts wax eloquently about the Suharto years. More than once Kalla has
voiced
his opinion that democracy has gone too far in Indonesia. I worry that if he were to have his way, he would more
than
likely dismantle anticorruption agencies, place a muzzle on the media and clamp down on civil and human rights
activists.
Given his personal history and values, it is no coincidence that Kalla has chosen retired Gen. (ret.) Wiranto as
his
running mate. At a young age, Wiranto was taken under Suharto's wing and served faithfully as the president's adjutant.
In the eyes of Suharto and his children, Wiranto would have made a perfect successor, mostly because he could be
trusted to protect the family's interests and keep the clan firmly in power.
If you think I am exaggerating, consider this: By virtue of where they sit, crony businessmen think of democracy
as an
intrusion, an unnecessary import from the Western world and, given the potential stakes, which is the dissolution
of an
old order they came to thrive upon, something to be inherently feared. In the words of a famous liberal US Supreme
Court justice, Louis Brandeis: "We can have democracy in this country or we can have great wealth concentrated
in the
hands of the few, but we cannot have both."
Former President Megawati Sukarnoputri, in contrast to Kalla, is far from being an avaricious industrialist. Neither
does
she dream of returning Indonesia to its Suharto-run past. But for sure, she is thinking deeply about another past
—
her father's.
When I first met Megawati in 1997, I asked her about any plans she might have for a political future and what she
might
consider as a strategy to reach higher office. Our ensuing conversation, with her eyes swelling in pride whenever
I raised
the name of Indonesia's founding leader, Sukarno, was most telling: "Of course I will one day be the president.
I often
have conversations with my father about that. But as far as a strategy, you Westerners don't seem to understand.
I have
no need for a strategy. Instead, I rely upon something else: Factor X."
Asia Sentinel
http://www.
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Pemilihan Presiden Langsung
Fuad Bawazier
(Ang. Panitia Ad Hoc I MPR, Mantan Menteri keuangan)
Sejenak berakhirnya kekuasaan pemerintahan Presiden Soeharto, perubahan-perubahan politik dinegeri ini berlangsung
dengan sangat pesat. Regulasi politik banyak dinilai telah menghambat kehidupan politik yang sehat, satu persatu
mulai dicabut. Konsep dan praktek kehidupan bernegara yang dahulu diidealisasikan atau bahkan disakralkan, kini
di gugat dan mulai kehilangan validitas serta relevansinya.
Masyarakat negara ini baik yang terikat dalam struktur formal organisasi negara maupun yang tidak memang tengah
sibuk untuk mengkaji ulang aturan-aturan lama dan berusaha memformat kembali suatu aturan baru dalam rangka menciptakan
sebuah sistem baru sebagai koreksi atas sistem lama yang dinilai telah gagal dalam merespon dinamika perkembangan
dan kemajuan masyarakat serta semangat kehidupan negara yang demokratis.
Dalam hubungan ini ketika pembahasan perubahan UUD ’45 tengah berlangsung di MPR melalui badan pekerjanya,salah
satu wancana yang mengemuka dan mendapat perhatian lebih adalah gagasan untuk melakukan amandemen terhadap pasal
6 ayat (2). Pemilihan presiden yang dilakukan oleh MPR hendak dirubah menjadi pemilihan langsung oleh rakyat sebagai
bagian yang integral dari gagasan untuk membangun sistem baru yang demokratis tadi.
Pemilihan presiden menurut UUD ’45
Dalam prespektif historis, membincangkan masalah pemilihan presiden, di awali pada masa pembahasan rancangan UUD
’45 dalam Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI). Pilihan sebutan presiden sebagai pemimpin negara diakibatkan
oleh keberhasilan anggota Badan Penyelidik Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (BPUPKI) menetapkan bentuk negara
bagi indonesia merdeka yang menolak bentuk negara kerajaan dan bentuk lain kecuali republik.
Dengan jumlah suara 55 bagi bentuk republik berbanding 6 yang memiliki kerajaan, 2 suara memilih bentuk negara
lain dan 1 abstain (Yamin, 1959), terlihat jelas dominasi kehendak pendiri negara kepada model negara dimana kedudukan
rakyat diletakkan pada posisi yang berhak menentukan kehendak negara (government by the people).
Kata republik ssendiri adalah istilah yang dipakai plato untuk menyebut representative democracy dimana rakyat
sesungguhnya tidak menentukan hukum atau menjalankan pemerintahan (secara langsung) tetapi memilih orang lain untuk
melakukannya guna membedakannya dengan pengertian pure democracy yang dipraktekkannya dalam pemerintahan city state
di Yunani dahulu (Burns, 1989). Salah satu konsekuensi lebih lanjut dari pilihan bentuk negara ini kemudian dituangkan
dalam pasal 1 ayat (2) yang menyebutkan ‘kedaulatan adalah ditangan rakyat dan dilakukan sepenuhnya oleh MPR’.
Tentu yang menjadi pertanyaan adalah mengapa pemilihan presiden dan wakil presiden dilakukan olehn MPR tidak dilakukan
langsung oleh rakyat? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini perlu dipahami dahulu kedudukan dan peranan MPR dalam UUD ’45
dan hubungan nya dengan jabatan presiden.
Dalam hubungan pasal 1 ayat (2) diatas, Soepomo memberikan penjelasannya pada Rapat Besar Sidang Pertama Panitia
Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI) tanggal 18 Agustus 1945 bahwa, (Bahar, 1995).
“Kedaulatan negara ada di tangan rakyat; sebagai penjelmaan rakyat, dalam suatu badan yang dinamakan disini: Majelis
Permusyawaratan Rakyat. Jadi Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat adalah suatu badan negara yang memegang kedaulatan
rakyat, ialah suatu badan yang paling tinggi, yang tidak terbatas kekuasaannya”.
Dari penjelasan itu, UUD ’45 dengan demikian, menempatkan MPR sebagai konkritisasi dari rakyat yang berdaulat.
Oleh karena rakyat pemegang kedaulatan atau kekuasaan tertinggi dalam negara, maka konsekuensinya sebagai badan
penjelmaan kedaulatan rakyat tadi, MPR memiliki kekuasaan yang tidak terbatas. Ini ditegaskan lagi dalam penjelasan
UUD ’45 yang menyebutkan MPR merupakan pemegang kekuasaan negara yang tertinggi.
Dengan kedudukan demikian, MPR dibebani tugas menetapkan Undang-undang Dasar dan menetapkan garis-garis besar haluan
negara, seperti yang disebutkan dalam pasal 3 UUD ’45. Garis-garis besar haluan negara yang ditetapkan MPR inilah
yang harus dijalankan oleh presiden. Presiden merupakan pihak yang diberi mandat oleh MPR.
Dalam hal ini jelas bahwa posisi presiden dalam hubungannya dengan MPR adalah pelaksana keputusan MPR yang tertuang
dalam garis-garis besar haluan negara. Presiden tidak boleh mempunyai haluan politik sendiri diluar yang sudah
ditetapkan oleh MPR. Presiden berada dalam subordinasi dan dominasi lembaga ini. Dengan jelas Soepomo menyebutkan,
(Bahar, 1995).
“…Maka Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat menetapkan garis-garis besar haluan negara, sedang presiden dan wakil presiden
diangkat oleh Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat dan berada dibawah Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat. Jadi Presiden ‘untergeornet’
tidak ‘nebegeornet’ dan dibawah Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat menjalankan haluan negara yang ditetapkan oleh Majelis
Permusyawaratan Rakyat. Presiden tidak boleh mempunyai politik sendiri , tetapi mesti menjalankan haluan negara
yang telah ditetapkan, diperintahkan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat. Ia diperintah oleh Majelis Permusyawaratan
Rakyat. Begitu gambarannya”.
Pola hubungan MPR dan presiden ini memunculkan suatu dimensi lain bagi sumber kekuasaan yang diperoleh presiden.
Dalam sistem distribusi kekuasaan UUD ’45, presiden tidak saja memperoleh kekuasaan yang bersumber langsung dari
UUD ini seperti yang dirumuskan dalam pasal-pasalnya, tetapi mendapatkan kekuasaan yang sifatnya turunan (derivasi)
dari kekuasaa milik lembaga lain yang dilimpahkan kepadanya, (Mulyosudarmo, 1997).
Kekuasaan yang sifatnya turunan ini dapat berupa pelimpahan kekuasaan dalam bentuk ‘pemberian kuasa’ (pemberian
mandat) atau pelimpahan kekuasaan dan tanggung jawab (delegasi) (Mulyosudarmo, 1997). Hubungan kekuasaan antara
MPR dan presiden yang dikonstruksikan UUD ’45 mengakibatkan presiden dapat memperoleh kekuasaan derivasi dari MPR
untuk melakukan tugas-tugas perolehan kekuasaan yang sifat nya derivatif ini, muncul mekanisme pertanggung jawaban
antara presiden yang memperoleh kekuasaan terhadap MPR yang memberi kekuasaan.
Dengan alur berpikir yang demikian, mudah dipahami mengapa presiden (dan wakil presiden) menjadi penting untuk
dipilih langsung oleh rakyat.
Memang sistem pemerintahan presidential Indonesia dalam hubungan ini memiliki keunikan tersendiri jika dibandingkan
dengan sistem presidensial pada umumnya dimana presiden dipilih langsung oleh rakyat, tidak dipilih oleh lembaga
perwakilan rakyat sebagaimana praktek yang dilakukan dalam sistem parlementer.
Keunikan ini sangat mungkin terjadi akibat pengaruh sistem pemerintahan kolonial Hindia Belanda di mana pola hubungan
antara MPR dengan Preside sama dengan pola hubungan antara Ratu Belanda dengan Gubernur Jenderal yang berlaku pada
masa penjajahan sebagaimana diatur dalam konstitusi Hindia Belanda Indische Staatsregeling, (Alrasid, 1999).
Problem sistem Sistemik Pemilihan Tidak langsung melalui MPR.
Pemilihan presiden dalam sistem pemerintahan presidential yang tidak dilakukan langsung oleh rakyat pemilih tetapi
diserahkan kepada suatu Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat mengandung beberapa problem.
Pertama, konsep pemilihan presiden oleh MPR menimbulkan beban pertanggungjawaban atas segala pelaksanaan kekuasaan
presiden yang dapat membawa jatuhnya presiden dalam masa jabatannya jika pertanggungjawaban tidak diterima oleh
MPR. Ini menunjukan sistem pemerintahan dan secara khusus hubungan Presiden dengan lembaga perwakilan rakyat baik
DPR maupun MPR merupakan hubungan yang in between antara sistem parlemen disatu sisi dengan sistem presidensial
disisi lain. Parlemendimana eksekutif dapat jatuh dari jabatannya kapan saja karena hilangnya dukungan parlemen.
Pola hubungan seperti ini harus segera diakhiri. Jika hendak meletakkan dominasi kekuasan negara atas prinsip kedaulatan
rakyat ditangan lembaga perwakilan rakyat, maka prinsip-prinsip sistem parlementerlah yang harus dipakai.
Tetapi jika hendak mempertahankan sistem presidential maka pola hubungan yang seimbang antara presiden dengan lembaga
perwakilan rakyat harus diterapkan. Dan ini berarti pengangkatan presiden oleh MPR harus diubah dengan pemilihan
langsung oleh rakyat agar legitimasi kekuasaan presiden tidak lagi berasal dari majelis dengan segala konsekuensinya.
Kedua, problem lain yang menyangkut dasar legitimasi kekuasaan presiden. Pemilihan presiden yang dimiliki kekuasaan
besar itu hanya ditentukan oleh 700 orang anggota MPR. Jika suara MPR yang memenangkan calon presiden terpilih
sama dengan keinginan rakyat yang tecermin dari raihan kursi partai yang mencalonkan calon presiden dimaksud, dasar
jumlah 700 suara anggota MPR tidak begitu menjadi persoalan.
Tetapi jika terjadi sebaliknya kehendak calon presiden dari sebagian besar rakyat tidak sama dengan keinginan sebagian
besar anggota MPR maka dasar legitimasi atas ukuran kemauan rakyat menjadi persoalan. Presiden terpilih akan mendapat
tingkat akseptansi yang rendah di masyarakat sehingga prinsip kehendak rakyat adalah dasar kekuasaan pemerintah
tidak terpenuhi.
Ketiga, pemilihan presiden yang dilakukan di MPR mudah pula untuk di manipulasi. Sejarah membuktikan dalam masa
pemerintahan Orde Baru MPR telah direkayasa sedemikian rupa melalui pembuatan undang-undang tentang Susunan dan
Kedudukan MPR, undang-undang tentang pemilihan umum, dan undang-undang tentang partai politik. Sehingga presiden
yang berkuasa dapat terus menerus dipilih oleh MPR itu.
Pada masa sekarang ketika rekayasa undang-undang hampir tidak mungkin lagi karena undang-undang yang berlaku sudah
terhindar dari kepentingan untuk mempertahankan kekuasaan yang tidak demokratis, maka manipulasi berwujud dalam
dimensi yang lain. Jual beli suara misalnya, merupakan ancaman serius proses pemilihan presiden sekarang ini di
samping teror atau tekanan politik untuk menggolkan satu calon presiden tertentu.
Republika, Edisi 12 Juni 2000
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